Which of the following companies is a manufacturer of cpus?

Below is a ranking of the top CPU manufacturers and top CPU companies. These are the best companies in the CPU field as voted on by users. If you're looking to purchase a CPU then these are the companies and brands you should be looking at. Many of the top CPU manufacturers on this list are preferred by the biggest and best laptop brands in the world, so be sure to check out and vote for yours! Some of these computer chip manufacturers design CPUs for OEMs and greatly impact your computing experience despite not selling directly to consumers.

Manufacturers of CPU hardware can be found in order of quality on this CPU brands list. As easy as buying a prebuilt computer can be, there is a definite satisfaction that comes with building your own PC. Beyond the obvious monitor, keyboard, mouse, and speakers that sit on your desk, the computer itself requires a CPU, motherboard, RAM, graphics card, sound card, network card, power supply, hard disk drive, power supply, and a case to put it all in. Some motherboards may also have those separate expansion cards already integrated. If you're careful, you may even be able to build your own custom machine for less money than it would cost for a pre-built model.

These are some of the factors to consider in evaluating what are the best CPU manufacturers. When you upgrade your hardware, you can also sell the individual components to help offset your costs. If you want another expert opinion, check out these CPU reviews.

Photo:

A small chip ‘processor’ has a huge role in electronic devices and computers. It receives input and provides the appropriate output.  With its dynamic innovation, Processors has been improvising in improving speed and boast great power. Modern processors can handle trillions of calculations per second. With new computing power processors are yet to see its best potential in coming time ‘Processors’ will be the real score card for processor manufacturers. Below Are Enlisted Top 10 Processors Manufacturers;

4D Systems

4D Systems is a popular name among top 10 Processors Manufacturers.  Its processors have the biggest popularity in all over the industry.  4D Systems’ has an extensive range of embedded displays fostering oLED and LCD technology. 4D Systems also delivers expertise in graphics processors.

Top 10 System on Chip (SoC) Manufacturers

Also Read

For more info, click here

Amulet Technologies

Top 10 Microprocessor Manufacturers in the World

Also Read

Amulet Technologies has wide range of processors and just because of this reason it has achieved its name in top 10 processors manufacturers. As experts in the embedded industry, it makes the perfect HMI solution from concept to completion.

For more info, click here

Broadcom Inc.

Broadcom Inc. is a global technology leader that designs, develops and supplies a broad range of processors. Broadcom is a known and well-versed company manufacturing communication network processors and embedded processors for consumer multimedia applications. Broadcom’s category-leading product portfolio serves critical markets.

For more info, click here

MaxLinear

MaxLinear is the name which comes first when we talk about processor. It is a famous name in processor’s manufacturers. MaxLinear delivers high-performance broadband and networking semiconductors based on its highly integrated radio frequency analog technology, high-performance optical networking technology and its pioneering MoCA and Direct Broadcast Satellite ODU single-wire technology.

For more info, click here

Microchip

Microchip Technology Incorporated is a leading provider of processor. Not only wide range of processor, it also has easy-to-use development tools and comprehensive product portfolio which enables customers to create optimal designs helping future-ready processors. Microchip processors cater to new computational powers and have been leading the market for years.

For more info, click here

NXP Semiconductors

NXP Semiconductor’s processors are known as the world leader in secure connectivity solutions for embedded applications, NXP is driving innovation in the automotive, industrial & IoT, mobile and communication infrastructure markets.

For more info, click here

ON Semiconductor

ON Semiconductor is a leading player in the processor market. One semiconductor processors makes a major market traction in the market. ON Semiconductor supplies image co-processors for use with advanced CMOS image sensors. ON semiconductor processors help engineers solve their unique design challenges various applications.

For more info, click here

Renesas Electronics

Renesas Electronics provides a comprehensive lineup of processors. Renesas Powerful processors built around an Arm CPU. Renesas Electronics processors are used in various applications today and has been innovating in this space. Renesas provides comprehensive solutions for a broad range of automotive, industrial, infrastructure, and IoT applications that help shape a limitless future.

For more info, click here

ROHM Semiconductor

Japanese based, ROHM Semiconductor is one of the processor manufacturer which has the biggest name in the industry. The company began manufacturing semiconductors. ICs and discrete semiconductors now account for about 80% of Rohm’s revenue.

For more info, click here

Texas Instruments

Texas Instruments processors are widely-used in today’s applications. From Automotive processors to Digital Signal Processors, TI has been empowering excellence and innovation in this space. TI’s Sitara embedded processors and industrial processors offer optimized solutions that go beyond the core.

For more info, click here

Updated: 03/12/2022 by Computer Hope

• The CPU-Zone
• Electronics Cooling
• Heat sink companies

The following is a list of companies that have made CPU-related products in the past but no longer list CPU products in their product listing.

• AOPEN
• Cyrix
• Rise Technology
• Sunbeamtech
• Sunus Suntek
• WinChip

Current notable computer hardware manufacturers:

Cases

List of computer case manufacturers:

• Aigo
• Antec
• AOpen
• ASRock
• Asus
• be quiet!
• CaseLabs (defunct)
• Chassis Plans
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• Dell
• Deepcool
• DFI
• ECS
• EVGA Corporation
• Foxconn
• Fractal Design
• Gigabyte Technology
• IBall
• In Win Development
• Lian Li
• MSI
• MiTAC
• NZXT
• Phanteks
• Razer
• Rosewill
• Seasonic
• Shuttle
• SilverStone Technology
• Thermaltake
• XFX
• Zalman

Rack-mount computer cases

• Antec
• AOpen

Laptop computer cases

• Clevo
• MSI

Motherboards

Top motherboard manufacturers:

• ASRock
• Asus
• Biostar
• EVGA Corporation
• Gigabyte Technology
• MSI (Micro-Star International)
• Intel

List of mainboard manufacturers:

• Acer
• ACube Systems
• Albatron
• AOpen
• Chassis Plans
• DFI (industrial motherboards), stopped producing LanParty motherboards in 2009
• ECS (Elitegroup Computer Systems)
• EPoX (partially defunct)
• First International Computer
• Foxconn
• Fujitsu[1]
• Gumstix
• Intel (NUC and server motherboards)
• Lanner Inc (industrial motherboards)
• Leadtek
• Lite-On
• NZXT
• Pegatron
• PNY Technologies
• Powercolor
• Sapphire Technology
• Shuttle Inc.
• Simmtronics
• Supermicro
• Tyan
• VIA Technologies
• Vigor Gaming
• ZOTAC

Defunct:

• BFG Technologies
• Chaintech
• Soyo Group Inc
• Universal Abit (formerly ABIT)

Chipsets for motherboards

• AMD
• Redpine Signals
• Intel
• Nvidia
• ServerWorks
• Silicon Integrated Systems
• VIA Technologies

Central processing units (CPUs)

Note: most of these companies only make designs, and do not manufacture their own designs.

See also: Fabless manufacturing

Top x86 CPU manufacturers:

• AMD
• Intel

List of CPU manufacturers (most of the companies sell ARM-based CPUs, assumed if nothing else stated):

• Arm Ltd. (sells designs only)
• Apple Inc. (ARM-based CPUs)
• Broadcom Inc. (ARM-based, e.g. for Raspberry Pi)
• Fujitsu (its ARM-based CPU used in top supercomputer, still also sells its SPARC-based servers)
• Hitachi (its own designs and ARM)
• Hygon (x86-based)
• HiSilicon (acquired by Huawei), stopped making its ARM-based design
• IBM (now only designs two architectures)
• Ingenic Semiconductor (MIPS-based)
• Marvell (its ThunderX3 ARM-based)
• MCST (its own designs and SPARC)
• MediaTek (ARM chips, and MIPS chips)[2]
• Nvidia (sells ARM-based, and unsuccessfully attempted to buy the ARM company)
• Qualcomm (ARM-based)
• Rockchip (ARM-based)
• Amlogic (ARM-based)
• Allwinner (ARM-based)
• Samsung (ARM-based)
• SiFive (RISC-V-based, e.g. HiFive Unleashed)
• Texas Instruments (its own designs and ARM)
• Via (formerly Centaur Technology division), its own x86-based design
• Wave Computing (previously MIPS Technologies), licenses MIPS CPU design
• Zhaoxin (its own x86 design based on Via's)

Acquired or defunct:

See also: List of former IA-32 compatible processor manufacturers

• Cyrix (its own x86-based)
• Freescale (acquired by NXP Semiconductors), PowerPC-based
• Motorola (its own designs)
• NexGen (acquired by AMD)
• Oracle (previously Sun Microsystems), both made SPARC CPUs, but Oracle laid off that department
• Rise Technology
• SigmaTel (acquired by Freescale)
• Tilera (its own design)
• Transmeta (its own x86-based)
• WinChip

Hard disk drives (HDDs)

See also: List of defunct hard disk manufacturers

Internal

List of current hard disk drive manufacturers:

• Seagate Technology
• Toshiba
• Western Digital

External

Note: the HDDs internal to these devices are manufactured only by the internal HDD manufacturers listed above.

List of external hard disk drive manufacturers:

• ADATA
• Buffalo Technology
• Freecom
• G-Technology brand of Western Digital
• Hyundai
• IoSafe-Hard drive safes
• LaCie (brand of Seagate)
• LG
• Maxtor (brand of Seagate)
• Samsung
• Seagate Technology
• Silicon Power
• Sony
• Toshiba
• Transcend Information
• TrekStor
• Verbatim Corporation
• Western Digital

Drive controller and RAID cards

• 3ware
• Adaptec[3]
• Asus
• Areca Technology[3]
• ATTO Technology
• Dell
• Hewlett Packard Enterprise
• Intel[3]
• LG
• LSI[3]
• PNY
• StarTech.com

Solid-state drives (SSDs)

Main article: List of solid-state drive manufacturers

Many companies manufacture SSDs but only six companies actually manufacture the NAND flash devices[4] that are the storage element in most SSDs.

Optical disc drives (ODDs)

List of optical disc drive manufacturers:

• Asus
• Hitachi-LG Data Storage (HLDS)
• LG Electronics
• Panasonic
• Philips & Lite-on Digital Solutions Corporation
• Optiarc
• Pioneer
• Sony Corporation
• TEAC
• Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology

Fans

• Aigo
• Antec
• Arctic
• be quiet!
• Corsair
• Cooler Master
• Deepcool
• Delta Electronics
• Ebm-papst
• Inventec
• Minebea (NMB)
• Nidec
• Noctua
• Razer Inc. (also bundled with AIO watercoolers)
• Scythe
• Thermaltake
• Zalman

Fan controllers

• Asus (bundled with top of the range ROG motherboards)
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• GELID Solutions
• NZXT
• Razer Inc. (external or internal)
• Thermaltake
• Zalman

Computer cooling systems

List of computer cooling system manufacturers:

• Aigo
• AMD
• Antec
• Arctic
• Asetek
• Asus
• be quiet!
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• Deepcool
• ebm-papst
• Fractal Design
• Foxconn
• GELID Solutions
• Gigabyte Technology
• Hama Photo
• Intel
• Nidec
• Noctua
• NZXT
• Saint-Gobain (tubing system)
• SilverStone Technology
• Thermalright
• Thermaltake
• Vigor Gaming
• Zalman

Non-refillable liquid cooling (AiO)

List of non-refillable liquid cooling manufacturers:

• Cooler Master "Seidon Series"
• Corsair "H-Series"
• Deepcool "CAPTAIN Series" "MAELSTROM Series"
• EKWB
• EVGA Corporation
• Fractal Design "Kelvin Series"
• Lian Li
• NZXT "Kraken Series"
• Razer Inc. "Hanbo Chroma Series"
• SilverStone Technology "Tundra Series"
• Thermaltake "Water2.0 Series"
• Zalman "SKADI series" "Reserator 3 Max" "LQ series" "Reserator 3 Max Dual"
• Zotac (stopped producing water coolers)

Refillable liquid cooling kits

List of refillable liquid cooling kits manufacturers:

• Thermaltake

Water block

List of water block manufacturers:

• Corsair
• EKWB
• EVGA Corporation
• Thermaltake
• Zalman

Video-card cooling

List of graphics card cooling manufacturers:

• Arctic
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• Deepcool "v series"
• EVGA Corporation
• GELID Solutions
• Zotac

Computer monitors

List of companies that are actively manufacturing and selling computer monitors:

• Alienware
• Apple
• Acer
• AOC Monitors
• Asus
• AOpen
• BenQ
• Chassis Plans
• Dell
• Eizo
• Fujitsu
• Hewlett-Packard
• Iiyama (company)
• Gateway
• HannStar
• Lenovo
• LG
• MSI
• NEC
• Philips
• Planar Systems
• Razer Inc.
• Samsung
• Sharp
• Sony
• Tatung Company
• ViewSonic

Video cards (graphics cards)

List of video card manufacturers:

• Asrock
• Asus
• AMD
• Biostar
• Chaintech
• Club 3D
• Diamond Multimedia
• ECS
• ELSA Technology
• EVGA Corporation
• Foxconn
• Gainward
• Gigabyte Technology
• HIS
• Hercules Computer Technology, Inc.
• Leadtek
• Matrox
• Nvidia
• MSI
• Palit
• PNY
• Point of View
• PowerColor
• S3 Graphics
• Sapphire Technology
• SPARKLE
• XFX
• Zotac
• BFG (defunct)
• EPoX (defunct)
• Oak Technology (defunct)
• 3dfx Interactive (defunct)

Graphics processing units (GPUs)

• Advanced Micro Devices
• ARM Holdings (Mali GPUs, first designed by acquired Falanx)
• ATI Technologies (Acquired by Advanced Micro Devices)
• Broadcom Limited
• Imagination Technologies (PowerVR)
• Intel
• Matrox
• Nvidia
• Qualcomm
• Via (S3 Graphics division)
• Vivante Corporation
• ZiiLABS
• Tseng Labs – (acquired by ATI)
• XGI
• 3dfx Interactive (Bankrupt)

Keyboards

List of keyboard manufacturers:

• A4Tech
• Alps
• Amkette
• Arctic
• Behavior Tech Computer (BTC)
• Chassis Plans
• Cherry
• Chicony Electronics
• Corsair
• Cooler Master
• CTI Electronics Corporation
• Das Keyboard
• Fujitsu–Siemens
• Gigabyte Technology
• G.Skill
• Hama Photo
• HyperX
• IBall
• intex
• Kensington Computer Products Group
• Key Tronic
• Lite-On
• Logitech
• Microsoft
• Razer
• Saitek
• Samsung
• SteelSeries
• Targus
• Terabyte
• Thermaltake
• Trust
• Umax
• Unicomp
• Happy Hacking Keyboard
• Drop (company)

• Vsg

Mouse

List of mouse manufacturers:

• A4Tech
• Acer
• Alienware
• Arctic
• Asus
• Behavior Tech Computer (BTC)
• Belkin
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• Creative Technology
• CTI Electronics Corporation
• Fellowes, Inc.
• Flextronics
• General Electric
• Gigabyte Technology
• Hama Photo
• IBall
• intex
• TVS Electronics
• Kensington Computer Products Group
• Key Tronic
• Labtec
• Lite-On
• Logitech
• Mad Catz
• Microsoft
• Mitsumi
• OCZ Technology
• Razer
• Saitek
• Samsung
• SilverStone Technology
• Sony
• SteelSeries
• Targus
• Terabyte
• Toshiba
• Trust
• Umax
• Verbatim Corporation
• Zalman

• Vsg

Mouse pads

List of mouse pad manufacturers:

• A4Tech
• Acer
• Alienware
• Corsair
• Logitech
• Razer
• SteelSeries
• Targus
• Trust
• Verbatim Corporation

Joysticks

List of Joystick manufacturers:

• Saitek
• Logitech
• CTI Electronics Corporation
• Microsoft
• Thrustmaster
• Sony

Speakers

List of computer speaker manufacturers:

• Altec Lansing
• AOpen (stopped making speakers)
• Auzentech
• Behringer
• Bose Corporation
• Cemex
• Cerwin-Vega
• Corsair
• Creative Technology
• Edifier
• General Electric
• Gigabyte Technology
• Hama Photo
• Harman International Industries (acquisition)

(division: Harman Kardon, JBL)

• Hercules
• IBall
• Intex
• Klipsch
• Logic
• Logitech
• M-Audio
• MartinLogan
• Philips
• Plantronics (acquisitions)
• Razer
• Shuttle Inc.
• Sonodyne
• Sony
• SteelSeries
• Teufel
• Trust
• Yamaha

Modems

List of modem manufacturers:

• 3Com
• Agere Systems
• Alcatel
• Aopen
• Arris Group
• Asus
• AVM GmbH
• Belkin International, Inc.
• Coolpad
• D-Link
• Cisco
• Huawei
• JCG
• Linksys
• Microcom
• Motorola
• Netgear
• Netopia
• Telebit
• TP-Link
• USRobotics
• Zhone Technologies
• Zoom Telephonics
• ZyXEL

Network interface cards (NICs)

List of network card manufacturers:

• 3Com
• Asus
• Atheros
• Belkin
• Chelsio Communications
• Cisco
• CNet
• D-Link
• Gigabyte Technology
• Hewlett Packard Enterprise
• IBM
• Intel
• JCG
• Linksys
• Ralink
• Mellanox
• Netgear
• Raza Microelectronics
• Solarflare
• StarTech.com
• TP-Link
• USRobotics
• Zoom

Chipsets for network cards

• ASIX
• Atheros
• Aquantia
• Broadcom
• Emulex
• Fujitsu
• Hewlett Packard Enterprise
• Intel
• LSI Corporation
• Nvidia
• Marvell Technology Group
• Mellanox
• Proxim
• Qlogic
• Qualcomm
• Ralink
• Realtek
• Solarflare
• VIA Technologies
• Winbond

There are a number of other companies (AMD, Microchip, Altera, etc) making specialized chipsets as part of other ICs, and they are not often found in PC hardware (laptop, desktop or server). There are also a number of now defunct companies (like 3com, DEC, SGI) that produced network related chipsets for us in general computers.

Power supply units (PSUs)

List of power supply unit (PSU) manufacturers:

• ADATA
• Antec
• Arctic
• be quiet!
• Cooler Master
• Corsair
• Deepcool
• Delta Electronics
• Dynex
• EVGA Corporation
• Fractal Design
• Foxconn
• FSP Group
• Gigabyte Technology
• Lian-Li
• Lite-On
• Maplin
• NZXT
• OCZ Technology
• PC Power and Cooling
• Razer Inc.
• Seasonic
• Seventeam
• SilverStone
• StarTech.com
• Super Flower
• Thermaltake
• Trust
• XFX
• Xilence
• Zalman

Random-access memory (RAM) modules

Note that the actual memory chips are manufactured by a small number of DRAM manufacturers. List of memory module manufacturers:

• ADATA
• Apacer
• Asus
• Axiom
• Buffalo Technology
• Chaintech
• Corsair
• Dataram
• Fujitsu
• G.Skill
• GeIL
• HyperX
• IBM
• Infineon
• Kingston Technology
• Lenovo
• Crucial
• Mushkin
• Netlist
• PNY
• Rambus
• Ramtron International
• Rendition
• Renesas Technology
• Samsung Semiconductor
• Sandisk
• Sea Sonic
• SK Hynix
• Silicon Power
• Toshiba
• Transcend
• Virtium
• Wilk Elektronik
• Winbond
• Wintec Industries Inc.

Random-access memory (RAM) chips

List of current DRAM manufacturers:[5]

• Micron Technology
• Samsung Semiconductor
• SK hynix
• ChangXin Memory Technologies[6][7]
• Nanya Technology
• Powerchip Semiconductor (as a foundry)
• Winbond (specialty and mobile DRAM)

List of former or defunct DRAM manufacturers:

• NEC, Hitachi, later Elpida Memory (went bankrupt, bought by Micron)
• Mitsubishi, later Elpida
• Siemens, spun off Infineon Technologies, spun off Qimonda (went bankrupt, IP bought by Micron and others[7])
• Inotera, bought by Micron
• Intel (Intel 1103)
• Mostek
• Mosel Vitelic Inc (ProMOS Technologies spun off from Mosel Vitelic)
• Toshiba (DRAM business sold to Micron)[8][9]
• Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation

List of fabless DRAM companies:

• Rambus

In addition, other semiconductor manufacturers include SRAM or eDRAM embedded in larger chips.

Headphones

List of headphone manufacturers:

• AKG Acoustics
• Altec Lansing
• Amkette
• Andrea Electronics
• Asus
• Audio-Technica
• Beats Electronics
• Beyerdynamic
• Biostar
• Bose Corporation
• Bush (brand)
• Corsair
• Creative Technology
• Edifier
• Fostex
• Grado Labs
• Hercules
• HiFiMan
• IHome
• JBL
• JLab Audio
• JVC (brand of JVCKenwood)
• Klipsch Audio Technologies
• Koss Corporation
• Meze Headphones
• Microsoft
• Monster Cable
• Panasonic
• Philips
• Plantronics
• Plantronics Gamecom
• Razer
• Roccat
• Samsung
• Sennheiser
• Shure
• Skullcandy
• SMS Audio
• Sonodyne
• Sony
• Stax Earspeakers
• SteelSeries
• Thermaltake
• Technics (brand)
• Thinksound
• Thrustmaster
• Turtle Beach Systems
• Ultrasone
• V-Moda
• Yamaha

Image scanners

List of image scanner manufacturers:

• Brother
• Canon
• Fujitsu
• Kodak
• Lexmark
• Microtek
• Mustek Systems
• Panasonic
• Plustek
• Ricoh
• Seiko Epson
• Umax
• Visioneer
• XEROX

Sound cards

List of sound card manufacturers:

• Ad Lib, Inc.
• Gravis
• Analog Devices
• Asus
• Aureal Semiconductor
• Auzentech
• C-Media
• Conrad
• Creative Technology
• Diamond Multimedia
• Avid Audio
• E-MU Systems
• Ensoniq
• ESS Technology
• Focusrite
• Hercules
• HT Omega
• Korg
• Lexicon
• M-Audio
• MOTU
• PreSonus
• Razer
• Realtek
• Roland
• Speedlink
• StarTech.com
• Silicon Integrated Systems
• TerraTec
• Turtle Beach
• VIA Technologies
• Yamaha

TV tuner cards

List of TV tuner card manufacturers:

• AVerMedia
• Asus
• Diamond Multimedia
• EVGA Corporation
• EyeTV
• Gigabyte Technology
• Hauppauge Computer Works
• KWorld
• Leadtek
• Micro-Star International
• Pinnacle Systems
• Plextor
• Powercolor
• TerraTec
• Umax

USB flash drives

List of USB flash drive manufacturers:

• ADATA
• Aigo
• Apacer
• ATP Electronics
• Corsair
• Crucial Technology
• Imation
• IronKey
• Kingston Technology
• Konami
• Lexar
• Maxell
• Netac
• OCZ
• PNY
• Quantum Corporation
• Ritek
• Samsung
• SanDisk
• Seagate
• Silicon Power
• Sony
• Strontium Technology
• Toshiba
• Transcend
• TrekStor
• Umax
• Verbatim
• VisiOn
• Wilk Elektronik

Webcams

List of webcam manufacturers:

• A4Tech
• Behavior Tech Computer
• Canon
• Creative Technology
• D-Link
• FaceVsion
• General Electric
• Hama Photo
• Hewlett-Packard
• Intel
• Labtec
• Lenovo
• Logitech
• Kodak
• Microsoft
• Philips
• Razer Inc.
• Samsung
• Silicon Power
• Trust
• TP-Link

Gaming chair

List of gaming chair manufacturers:

• Brazen
• Corsair
• Herman Miller x Logitech
• Razer
• Respawn
• Secretlab

See also

• List of computer system manufacturers
• List of laptop brands and manufacturers
• List of flash memory controller manufacturers
• List of solid-state drive manufacturers
• Market share of personal computer vendors
• List of computer hardware manufacturers in the Soviet Union

References

1. ^ "Industrial Mainboards – Fujitsu CEMEA&I". www.fujitsu.com. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
2. ^ "Wave Computing Signs New License Agreement with MediaTek". WAVE Computing. 2019-07-30. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
3. ^ a b c d "Global RAID Cards Market 2018 – Production, Sales, Supply, Demand, Cost Structure, Manufacturers, Shares, Forecast to 2025". IntenseResearch. January 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
4. ^ "NAND flash market share 2019". Statista.
5. ^ "DRAM manufacturer market share by quarter 2021".
6. ^ "First China-Built DRAM Chip Reaches Market - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com.
7. ^ a b Shilov, Anton. "ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT) is Ramping up Chinese DRAM Using Qimonda IP". www.anandtech.com.
8. ^ "Winbond pulls designers out of Toshiba on word of DRAM divestiture". EETimes. 2001-08-29. Retrieved 2022-08-03.
9. ^ "Toshiba exits DRAM market, sells fab to Micron". EETimes. 2001-12-18. Retrieved 2022-08-03.

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