Show When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first responsibility of the officer of the watch is to comply with the relevant rules of the applicable regulations for preventing collisions at sea, with particular regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed and having the engines ready for immediate manœuvres. From: A Guide to the Collision Avoidance Rules (Seventh Edition), 2012 (a) A vessel not under commandThe term 'vessel not under command' means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. shall exhibit: (i) two all-round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen; (ii) two balls or similar shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen; (iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights'Sidelights' means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel. and a sternlight'Sternlight' means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. . (b) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvreThe term 'vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre' means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and therefore is unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. The term 'vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre' shall include but not be limited to; (i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline; (ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations; (iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway; (iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft; (v) a vessel engaged in mineclearance operations; (vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course. , except a vesselThe word 'vessel includes every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft, WIG craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water'. engaged in mineclearance operations, shall exhibit: (i) three all-round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these lights shall be red and the middle light shall be white; (ii) three shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these shapes shall be balls and the middle one a diamond; (iii) when making way through the water, a masthead lightMasthead light' means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel. or lights, sidelights and a sternlight in addition to the lights prescribed in subparagraph (i); (iv) when at anchor, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii), the light, lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30. (c) A power-driven vesselThe term 'power-driven vessel' means any vessel propelled by machinery. engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course shall, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in Rule 24(a), exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (b)(i) and (ii) of this Rule. (d) A vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations, when restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, shall exhibit the lights and shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (b) (i),(ii) and (iii) of this Rule and shall in addition, when an obstruction exists, exhibit: (i) two all-round red lights or two balls in a vertical line to indicate the side on which the obstruction exists; (ii) two all-round green lights or two diamonds in a vertical line to indicate the side on which another vessel may pass; (iii) when at anchor, the lights or shapes prescribed in this paragraph instead of the lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30. (e) Whenever the size of a vessel engaged in diving operations makes it impracticable to exhibit all lights and shapes prescribed in paragraph (d) of this Rule, the following shall be exhibited: (i) three all-round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these lights shall be red and the middle light shall be white; (ii) a rigid replica of the International Code flag “A” not less than 1 metre in height. Measures shall be taken to ensure its all-round visibility. (f) A vessel engaged in mineclearance operations shall in addition to the lights prescribed for a power-driven vessel in Rule 23 or to the lights or shape prescribed for a vessel at anchor in Rule 30 as appropriate, exhibit three all-round green lights or three balls. One of these lights or shapes shall be exhibited near the foremast head and one at each end of the fore yard. These lights or shapes indicate that it is dangerous for another vessel to approach within 1000 metres of the mineclearance vessel. (g) Vessels of less than 12 metres in length, except those engaged in diving operations, shall not be required to exhibit the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule. (h) The signals prescribed in this Rule are not signals of vessels in distress and requiring assistance. Such signals are contained in Annex IV to these Regulations
Arcs of visibility of sternlight and sidelights
White light Yellow light Green light Red light Yellow flashing light Optional white light
A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:
↑ Power-driven vessel underway.
↑ Power-driven vessel underway – less than 50 m in length
↑ A vessel proceeding under sail which has her engine running shall exhibit, forward where it can best be seen, a conical shape, apex downwards. She shall exibit lights according to a power-driven vessel.
A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit: In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen. A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern. 4 lights configurations sailing
↑ Sailing vessel underway. Configuration 1, and if sidelights are combined on the bow: configuration 4
↑ Sailing vessel underway – less than 20 meters in length. Configuration 2
↑ Sailing vessel underway. Configuration 3
A sailing vessel of less than 7 metres in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed above, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. Sailing and Motoring
A vessel proceeding under sail which has her engine running shall exhibit, forward where it can best be seen, a conical shape, apex downwards.
AnchoringA vessel at anchor shall according to Rule 30 (a) (b) exhibit where it can best be seen:
↑ Vessel at anchor – less than 50 m in length.
↑ Vessel at anchor with deck illumination.
↑ Vessel aground – less than 50 m in length.
A vessel aground shall according to Rule 30 (d) exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 30(a) or (b) and in addition, if practicable, where they can best be seen;
TowingA power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:
length of tow exceeds 200 m.
↑ Power-driven vessel towing astern towing vessel less than 50 m in length; length of tow 200 m or less.
↑ Vessel or object being towed – length of tow exceeds 200 m.
An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object, or combination of such vessels or objects being towed; Rule 24 (g), shall exhibit:
Pushing from ahead or towing alongsideWhen a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the normal lights. A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit; Rule 24 (c), shall exhibit:
A vessel or object being towed shall exhibit:
↑ Pushing: composite unit underway (ridged, so treated as a single power driven vessel).
↑ Pushing: vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit.
↑ Vessel being towed alongside.
A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shall exhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed below; Rule 26 A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as a fishing appliance, shall exhibit:
↑ Vessel engaged in trawling – not making way.
↑ Vessel engaged in trawling – not making way; vessel less than 50 m in length.
↑ Vessel engaged in trawling – making way; vessel less than 50 m in length.
When pair trawling, each vessel shows searchlights on water aiming forward (Flag T by day); Rule 26 (f) (b)ǂ(2)
Fishing, other than trawlingA vessel engaged in fishing, other than trawling, according to Rule 26 (c) shall exhibit:
↑ Vessel engaged in trawling – making way. See Fishing – Trawling section above…
↑ Vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling – making way.
↑ Vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling – not making way.
Purse Seiners will exhibit two all-round yellow lights in a vertical line, flashing alternately; Rule 26 (f) 3ǂ(iii)
Constrained by draughtA vessel constrained by her draught / draft may, (and not “shall”!) in addition to the lights prescribed for power-driven vessels, exhibit where they can best be seen three all-round red lights in a vertical line, or as day sign a cylinder, Rule 28
↑ Vessel constrained by her draft / draught.
↑ Vessel not under command “NUC” – not making way.
↑ Vessel not under command “NUC” – making way.
A vessel not under command, sometimes knows as a NUC vessel, shall according to Rule 27(a) exhibit:
Restricted in her ability to manoeuvreA vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, sometimes knows as a RAM vessel, except a vessel engaged in mine clearance operations, shall according to Rule 27(b) exhibit:
↑ Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre – making way; vessel less than 50 m in length.
↑ Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre – at anchor; vessel less than 50 m in length.
↑ Vessel engaged in towing operation which severely restricts towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course – length of tow does not exceed 200 m; towing vessel less than 50 m in length.
A vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations, when restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; Rule 27(d), shall exibit
↑ Vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations when restricted in ability to manoeuvre – making way with an obstruction on the starboard side.
↑ Vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations when restricted in ability to manoeuvre – not making way with an obstruction on the starboard side.
↑ Vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations when restricted in ability to manoeuvre – not making way with an obstruction on the port side.
Rule 27(e)
↑ Small vessel engaged in diving operations.
↑ Vessel engaged on pilotage duty – underway.
↑ Vessel engaged on pilotage duty – at anchor; vessel of less than 50 m in length.
Rule 29, duty shall exhibit:
Hovercraft, hydrofoil ferryAn air-cushion vessel when operating in non-displacement mode shall, besides a masthead light forward, (plus a masthead light abaft if longer than 50 m) sidelights and a sternlight, exhibit an all‑round flashing yellow light (faster than 2 flashes per second). Rule 23(b) Also a hydrofoil ferry or high speed catamaran when acting as ferry is often allowed under local regulations to exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light.
↑ Air-cushion vessel when operating in the nondisplacement mode – vessel less than 50 m in length.
↑ Vessel engaged in mineclearance operations – vessel less than 50 m in length, starboard side.
↑ Vessel engaged in mineclearance operations, port side.
A vessel engaged in mine clearance operations shall in addition to the lights prescribed for a power-driven vessel, or to the lights or shape prescribed for a vessel at anchor, exhibit three all-round green lights or three balls. One of these lights or shapes shall be exhibited near the mast head and one at each end of the fore yard. These lights or shapes indicate that it is dangerous for another vessel to approach within 1000 metres of the mine clearance vessel. Rule 27(f)
Overview
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