It's very unlikely to be rubella if you have had both doses of the MMR vaccine or had rubella before. Show
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The most common symptoms of congenital rubella syndrome in newborns include
Rubella or German measles is caused by rubella virus. This virus spreads through personal contact, coughing and sneezing. Rubella is very uncommon in Australia because most children are immunised against it. If rubella does occur, it’s most common in children under 13 years. Symptoms of rubellaSymptoms usually start to appear 14-21 days after infection with rubella virus. Early rubella symptoms look like the symptoms of a mild cold. They can include fever, sore throat and swollen lymph glands in the neck. After 2-3 days, a rash appears, starting on the face and spreading to the chest, stomach and back. The rash has spots that:
The rash lasts 3-5 days before going away. Children with rubella can spread the disease for 5 days before and at least 4 days after the rash appears. Children who have rubella shouldn’t go to child care, preschool or school until a GP says they’re no longer contagious. Children who have rubella must also stay away from pregnant women. Medical help for rubella symptoms or contact with rubellaIf you’re worried that your child has rubella, you should speak to your GP. If you’re pregnant and think you’ve come into contact with rubella, talk to your GP, obstetrician or midwife. If a pregnant woman gets rubella, it can cause congenital rubella syndrome in her unborn baby. Babies with congenital rubella syndrome can have serious abnormalities and difficulties like deafness. You know your child best. If your child seems unwell, trust your instincts and seek medical attention. Treatment for rubellaIf your child has rubella, there are things you can do to ease your child’s symptoms:
Don’t give aspirin to children under 12 years unless it’s prescribed by a doctor. Aspirin can make your child susceptible to Reye’s syndrome, a rare but potentially deadly illness. If you’re giving your child any over-the-counter medicines, check with your pharmacist or doctor to make sure these have no aspirin. Prevention of rubellaThe best way to avoid rubella is to have your child immunised. As part of the Australian National Immunisation Program (NIP), your child gets 2 free rubella immunisations. Your child needs both doses for the immunisation to work. Your child will get rubella immunisations at:
Good hand-washing can help to stop rubella virus from spreading. It’s also important to cough or sneeze into a tissue or your elbow rather than into your hands and teach your child to do this too.
We’ve tried to provide some answers to those questions here, and when you meet with our experts, we can explain your child’s condition and treatment options fully.
A baby may contract a rubivirus infection in the uterus when the mother catches rubella and carries it through her bloodstream to the baby. Since a baby in utero cannot completely get rid of an infection, the rubivirus remains in the body, and can lead to congenital rubella syndrome, which may damage the child's developing organs, especially during the first trimester. A woman who gets rubella during her pregnancy can pass it on to her unborn child, causing the syndrome. The rubivirus does the most damage to a developing fetus during the first trimester. After the fourth month, the mother's rubella infection is less likely to harm the fetus.
Rubella spreads through direct contact with discharge from the nose and throat.
Most adults and children have already been vaccinated against rubella, so the risk of a baby being born with congenital rubella syndrome is extraordinarily low. Babies born with congenital rubella syndrome may have some or all of the following symptoms: The long-term outlook for a child born with congenital rubella syndrome depends on the severity of the birth defects. If your baby has problems with his heart, they can often be corrected, while nervous system damage can often be irreversible. Because there is no cure for congenital rubella syndrome, it’s important to prevent it. If you’re planning on becoming pregnant, ask your doctor for the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine at least 28 days beforehand. If your baby is born with congenital rubella syndrome, specific symptoms of the disease can be treated accordingly. Because there is no cure for congenital rubella syndrome, it’s important to prevent it. If you’re planning on becoming pregnant, ask your doctor for the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine at least 28 days beforehand. Q: What is congenital rubella syndrome? A: A baby can be born with birth defects as a result of congenital rubella syndrome if a mother infected with rubella passes the rubivirus to her fetus. Q: Why is congenital rubella syndrome a problem?
Q: What are the chances my baby will be born with congenital rubella syndrome?
Q: How can congenital rubella syndrome be prevented? A: If you’re planning on becoming pregnant, ask your doctor for the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine at least 28 days beforehand.
Q: How is congenital rubella syndrome diagnosed? A: If your child is born with symptoms consistent with congenital rubella syndrome, a simple blood test can test for the presence of the virus in the bloodstream. Q: What symptoms might my baby have? Q: What are our treatment options? A: Because there is no cure for congenital rubella syndrome, Children’s specialists treat specific symptoms of the disease — such as problems with the heart, eyes and nervous system. Q: What is my child’s long-term outlook? A:The long-term outlook for a child born with congenital rubella syndrome depends on the severity of the birth defects. If your baby has problems with his heart, they can often be corrected, while nervous system damage can often be irreversible. Because there is no cure for congenital rubella syndrome, it’s important to prevent it. If you’re planning on becoming pregnant, ask your doctor for the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine at least 28 days beforehand. Q: What makes Children’s different? A: Our physicians are expert, compassionate and committed to focusing on the whole child, not just his condition—that’s one reason we’re frequently ranked as a top pediatric hospital in the United States. Physicians and researchers in our Division of Infectious Diseases are constantly learning more about how diseases develop and spread as well as how the body uses its defenses to fight back. And at Children’s, we consider you and your child integral parts of the care team and not simply recipients of care. You and your care team will work together to customize a plan of care for your child.
The first step in treating your child is forming an accurate and complete diagnosis. If your child has been diagnosed with congenital rubella syndrome, you may be confused, frightened, and overwhelmed. But you can rest assured that, at Boston Children's Hospital, your child is in good hands. Our physicians are expert, compassionate, and committed to focusing on the whole child, not just his condition — that's one reason we're frequently ranked as a top pediatric hospital in the United States. It's important to know the following about rubella syndrome: We consider you and your child integral parts of the care team and not simply recipients of care. You and your care team will work together to customize a plan of care for your child. Prevention: The best treatment If you're planning on becoming pregnant, ask your doctor for the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine at least 28 days beforehand. It's essential to remember that while hearing that your child is infected with congenital rubella syndrome can feel very isolating, many children and their families have been down this path before. We've helped them, and we can help you, too. There are lots of resources available for your family — within Boston Children's, in the outside community, and online. These include: Patient education: From the very first visit, our nurses will be on hand to walk you through your child's treatment and help answer any questions you may have. And they'll also reach out to you by phone, continuing the care and support you received while at Boston Children's. Parent to parent: Want to talk with someone whose baby has been treated for the symptoms of congenital rubella syndrome? We can put you in touch with other families who have been through similar experiences and can share their experience. Faith-based support: The Boston Children’s chaplaincy is a source of spiritual support for parents and family members. Our program includes nearly a dozen clergy members — representing Episcopal, Jewish, Lutheran, Muslim, Roman Catholic, Unitarian, and United Church of Christ traditions — who will listen to you, pray with you, and help you observe your own faith practices during your child’s treatment. Social work and mental health professionals: Our social workers and mental health clinicians have helped many other families in your situation. We can offer counseling and assistance with issues such as coping with your child's diagnosis, stresses relating to coping with illness, and dealing with financial difficulties. On our Patient Resources site, you can read all you need to know about:
Research in Children’s Hospital Boston’s Division of Infectious Diseases includes both basic investigation and clinical research. Our research has the broad objective of learning more about how diseases develop and spread as well as how the body uses its defenses to fight back. Investigators target viruses, bacteria and fungi that cause disease in community-wide infections in the United States, in infections of children with compromised immune systems and in global public health. Read more about these ongoing research studies. The Community Newborn Medicine Program at Children's cares for ill and convalescent newborns in a family centered, community setting. Our community-based Newborn Medicine faculty provide advanced newborn therapies in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and in Special Care Nurseries (SCN) in several suburban medical centers that are affiliated with Children's. The affiliated nursery programs include: |
What does rubella do to an infant?
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